JNCIP-SP JN0-664 Practice Test Engine: Try These 67 Exam Questions
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Juniper JN0-664 certification exam covers a broad range of topics related to service provider routing and switching technologies. These include OSPF, BGP, IS-IS, MPLS, Layer 2 VPNs, Layer 3 VPNs, multicast, and class of service. JN0-664 exam also tests an individual's knowledge of Junos OS troubleshooting tools and techniques, as well as their ability to configure and troubleshoot Junos devices in a service provider environment.
The JN0-664 exam is a highly valued certification for any network professional who wishes to specialize in service provider networks. Service Provider, Professional (JNCIP-SP) certification provides professionals with the necessary knowledge and skills to configure, manage, and troubleshoot complex service provider networks. It also helps professionals to demonstrate their expertise in Junos OS and related platforms. Passing the JN0-664 exam is a significant achievement and can open up several career opportunities in the service provider industry.
The JN0-664 exam consists of 65 multiple-choice questions and is administered over a 120-minute period. Candidates must score at least 65% to pass the exam. The questions are designed to test the candidate's knowledge and understanding of service provider routing technologies, as well as their ability to apply that knowledge in real-world scenarios.
NEW QUESTION # 13
Exhibit.
Referring to the exhibit; the 10.0.0.0/24 EBGP route is received on R5; however, the route is being hidden.
What are two solutions that will solve this problem? (Choose two.)
- A. On R4, create a policy to change the BGP next hop to 172.16.1.1 and apply it to IBGP as an export policy
- B. Add the internal interface prefix to the BGP routing tables.
- C. On R4, create a policy to change the BGP next hop to itself and apply it to IBGP as an export policy
- D. Add the external interface prefix to the IGP routing tables
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
the default behavior for iBGP is to propagate EBGP-learned prefixes without changing the next-hop. This can cause issues if the next-hop is not reachable via the IGP. One solution is to use the next-hop self command on R4, which will change the next-hop attribute to its own loopback address. This way, R5 can reach the next-hop via the IGP and install the route in its routing table.
Another solution is to add the external interface prefix (120.0.4.16/30) to the IGP routing tables of R4 and R5.
This will also make the next-hop reachable via the IGP and allow R5 to use the route. According to 2, this is a possible workaround for a pure IP network, but it may not work well for an MPLS network.
NEW QUESTION # 14
Exhibit
Referring to the exhibit, which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
- A. This is an EVPN Type-2 route.
- B. The devices advertising this route into EVPN are 10 0 2 12 and 10.0.2.22.
- C. This route is learned through EBGP
- D. The device advertising this route into EVPN is 192.168.101.5.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Explanation
This is an EVPN Type-2 route, also called a MAC/IP advertisement route, that is used to advertise host IP and MAC address information to other VTEPs in an EVPN network. The route type field in the EVPN NLRI has a value of 2, indicating a Type-2 route. The device advertising this route into EVPN is 192.168.101.5, which is the IP address of the VTEP that learned the host information from the local CE device. This IP address is carried in the MPLS label field of the route as part of the VXLAN encapsulation.
NEW QUESTION # 15
Which origin code is preferred by BGP?
- A. Incomplete
- B. Internal
- C. Null
- D. External
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP uses several attributes to select the best path for a destination prefix. One of these attributes is origin, which indicates how BGP learned about a route. The origin attribute can have one of three values: IGP, EGP, or Incomplete. IGP means that the route was originated by a network or aggregate statement within BGP or by redistribution from an IGP into BGP. EGP means that the route was learned from an external BGP peer (this value is obsolete since BGP version 4). Incomplete means that the route was learned by some other means, such as redistribution from a static route into BGP. BGP prefers routes with lower origin values, so Incomplete is preferred over EGP, which is preferred over IGP.
NEW QUESTION # 16
Exhibit
The environment is using BGP All devices are in the same AS with reachability redundancy Referring to the exhibit, which statement is correct?
- A. Client1 is peered to Client2 and Client3.
- B. Peering is dynamically discovered between all devices.
- C. RR2 is in an OpenConfirm State until RR1 becomes unreachable.
- D. RR1 is peered to Client2 and RR2
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP route reflectors are BGP routers that are allowed to ignore the IBGP loop avoidance rule and advertise IBGP learned routes to other IBGP peers under specific conditions. BGP route reflectors can reduce the number of IBGP sessions and updates in a network by eliminating the need for a full mesh of IBGP peers.
BGP route reflectors can have three types of peerings:
* EBGP neighbor: A BGP router that belongs to a different autonomous system (AS) than the route reflector.
* IBGP client neighbor: An IBGP router that receives reflected routes from the route reflector. A client does not need to peer with other clients or non-clients.
* IBGP non-client neighbor: An IBGP router that does not receive reflected routes from the route reflector. A non-client needs to peer with other non-clients and the route reflector.
In the exhibit, we can see that RR1 and RR2 are route reflectors in the same AS with reachability redundancy.
They have two types of peerings: EBGP neighbors (R1 and R4) and IBGP client neighbors (Client1, Client2, and Client3). RR1 and RR2 are also peered with each other as IBGP non-client neighbors.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Exhibit
A network designer would like to create a summary route as shown in the exhibit, but the configuration is not working.
Which three configuration changes will create a summary route? (Choose three.)
- A. set protocols isis import summary-v6
- B. delete protocols isis export summary-v6
- C. delete policy-options policy-statement leak-v6 term DC-routes from route-filter 2001: db9 :a: fa00 : :/6l longer
- D. set policy-options policy-statement leak-v6 term DC-routes then reject
- E. set policy-options policy-statement leak-v6 term DC-routes from route-filter 2001:db9:a:faOO::/61 exact
Answer: B,C,E
Explanation:
Explanation
To create a summary route for IS-IS, you need to configure a policy statement that matches the prefixes to be summarized and sets the next-hop to discard. You also need to configure a summary-address statement under the IS-IS protocol hierarchy that references the policy statement. In this case, the policy statement leak-v6 is trying to match the prefix 2001:db9:a:fa00::/61 exactly, but this prefix is not advertised by any router in the network. Therefore, no summary route is created. To fix this, you need to delete the longer keyword from the route-filter term and change the prefix length to /61 exact. This will match any prefix that falls within the /61 range. You also need to delete the export statement under protocols isis, because this will export all routes that match the policy statement to other IS-IS routers, which is not desired for a summary route.
NEW QUESTION # 18
Exhibit
Referring to the exhibit, you are receiving the 192.168 0 0/16 route on both R3 and R4 from your EBGP neighbor You must ensure that R1 and R2 receive both BGP routes from the route reflector In this scenario, which BGP feature should you configure to accomplish this behavior?
- A. multihop
- B. add-path
- C. route-target
- D. multipath
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP add-path is a feature that allows the advertisement of multiple paths through the same peering session for the same prefix without the new paths implicitly replacing any previous paths. This behavior promotes path diversity and reduces multi-exit discriminator (MED) oscillations. BGP add-path is implemented by adding a path identifier to each path in the NLRI. The path identifier can be considered as something similar to a route distinguisher in VPNs, except that a path ID can apply to any address family. Path IDs are unique to a peering session and are generated for each network3. In this question, we have a route reflector (RR) that receives two routes for the same prefix (192.168.0.0/16) from an EBGP neighbor. By default, the RR will only advertise its best path to its clients (R1 and R2). However, we want R1 and R2 to receive both routes from the RR. To achieve this, we need to configure BGP add-path on the RR and enable it to send multiple paths for the same prefix to its clients.
NEW QUESTION # 19
Which two statements are correct about VPLS tunnels? (Choose two.)
- A. BGP-signaled VPLS tunnels require manual provisioning of sites.
- B. LDP-signaled VPLS tunnels use auto-discovery to provision sites
- C. BGP-signaled VPLS tunnels can use either RSVP or LDP between the PE routers.
- D. LDP-signaled VPLS tunnels only support control bit 0.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
VPLS is a Layer 2 VPN technology that allows multiple sites to connect over a shared IP/MPLS network as if they were on the same LAN. VPLS tunnels can be signaled using either Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) or Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). LDP-signaled VPLS tunnels use auto-discovery to provision sites, meaning that PE routers can automatically discover other PE routers that belong to the same VPLS instance
NEW QUESTION # 20
Exhibit
Which two statements are true about the OSPF adjacency displayed in the exhibit? (Choose two.)
- A. There is a mismatch in the poll interval parameter between routers R1 and R2.
- B. There is a mismatch in the hello interval parameter between routers R1 and R2
- C. There is a mismatch in the dead interval parameter between routers R1 and R2.
- D. There is a mismatch in the OSPF hold timer parameter between routers R1 and R2.
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Explanation
The hello interval is the time interval between two consecutive hello packets sent by an OSPF router on an interface. The dead interval is the time interval after which a neighbor is declared down if no hello packets are received from it. These parameters must match between two OSPF routers for them to form an adjacency. In the exhibit, router R1 has a hello interval of 10 seconds and a dead interval of 40 seconds, while router R2 has a hello interval of 30 seconds and a dead interval of 120 seconds. This causes a mismatch and prevents them from becoming neighbors23.
NEW QUESTION # 21
You are configuring a BGP signaled Layer 2 VPN across your MPLS enabled core network. In this scenario, which statement is correct?
- A. You must assign a unique site number to each attached site's configuration.
- B. You must use the same route-distinguiaher value on both PE devices.
- C. This type of VPN requires the support of the inet-vpn NLRI on all core BGP devices
- D. This type of VPN only supports Ethernet interfaces when connecting to CE devices.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP signaled Layer 2 VPN is a type of VPN that uses BGP to distribute VPN labels and information for Layer 2 connectivity between sites over an MPLS network. BGP signaled Layer 2 VPN requires the support of the l2vpn NLRI on all core BGP devices . The l2vpn NLRI is a new address family that carries Layer 2 VPN information such as the VPN identifier, the attachment circuit identifier, and the route distinguisher. The l2vpn NLRI is used for both auto-discovery and signaling of Layer 2 VPNs . In this scenario, we are configuring a BGP signaled Layer 2 VPN across an MPLS enabled core network. Therefore, we need to ensure that all core BGP devices support the l2vpn NLRI.
References: 1:
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/vpn-l2/topics/concept/vpn-layer-2-overview.html
2:
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/mp_l2_vpns/configuration/xe-16/mp-l2-vpns-xe-16-book/vpl
NEW QUESTION # 22
Exhibit
CE-1 and CE-2 are part of a VPLS called Customer1 No connectivity exists between CE-1 and CE-2. In the process of troubleshooting, you notice PE-1 is not learning any routes for this VPLS from PE-2, and PE-2 is not learning any routes for this VPLS from PE-1.
- A. The instance type should be changed to I2vpn.
- B. The route target must match on PE-1 and PE-2.
- C. The no-tunnel-services statement should be deleted on both PEs.
- D. The route distinguisher must match on PE-1 and PE-2.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
VPLS is a technology that provides Layer 2 VPN services over an MPLS network. VPLS uses BGP as its control protocol to exchange VPN membership information between PE routers. The route target is a BGP extended community attribute that identifies which VPN a route belongs to. The route target must match on PE routers that participate in the same VPLS instance, otherwise they will not accept or advertise routes for that VPLS.
NEW QUESTION # 23
You want to ensure that L1 IS-IS routers have only the most specific routes available from L2 IS-IS routers.
Which action accomplishes this task?
- A. Configure all routers to be L1.
- B. Configure all routers to allow wide metrics.
- C. Configure the ignore-attached-bit parameter on all L1 routers
- D. Configure the ignore-attached-bit parameter on all L2 routers.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The attached bit is a flag in an IS-IS LSP that indicates whether a router is connected to another area or level (L2) of the network. By default, L2 routers set this bit when they advertise their LSPs to L1 routers, and L1 routers use this bit to select a default route to reach other areas or levels through L2 routers. However, this may result in suboptimal routing if there are multiple L2 routers with different paths to other areas or levels.
To ensure that L1 routers have only the most specific routes available from L2 routers, you can configure the ignore-attached-bit parameter on all L1 routers. This makes L1 routers ignore the attached bit and install all interarea routes learned from L2 routers in their routing tables.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Exhibit
Referring to the exhibit, which statement is correct?
- A. The vrf-target configuration will allow routes to be shared between CE-1 and CE-2.
- B. The route-distinguisher configuration will allow overlapping routes to be shared between CE-1 and CE-2.
- C. The route-diatinguisher configuration will stop routes from being shared between CE-1 and CE-2.
- D. The vrf-target configuration will stop routes from being shared between CE-1 and CE-2.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The route distinguisher (RD) is a BGP attribute that is used to create unique VPN IPv4 prefixes for each VPN in an MPLS network. The RD is a 64-bit value that consists of two parts: an administrator field and an assigned number field. The administrator field can be an AS number or an IP address, and the assigned number field can be any arbitrary value chosen by the administrator. The RD is prepended to the IPv4 prefix to create a VPN IPv4 prefix that can be advertised across the MPLS network without causing any overlap or conflict with other VPNs. In this question, we have two PE routers (PE-1 and PE-2) that are connected to two CE devices (CE-1 and CE-2) respectively. PE-1 and PE-2 are configured with VRFs named Customer-A and Customer-B respectively.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which two statements are correct about reflecting inet-vpn unicast prefixes in BGP route reflection? (Choose two.)
- A. A BGP peer does not require any configuration changes to become a route reflector client.
- B. Route reflectors do not change any existing BGP attributes by default when advertising routes.
- C. Clients add their originator ID when advertising routes to their route reflector
- D. Route reflectors add their cluster ID to the AS path when readvertising client routes.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
Route reflection is a BGP feature that allows a router to reflect routes learned from one IBGP peer to another IBGP peer, without requiring a full-mesh IBGP topology. Route reflectors do not change any existing BGP attributes by default when advertising routes, unless explicitly configured to do so. A BGP peer does not require any configuration changes to become a route reflector client, only the route reflector needs to be configured with the client parameter under [edit protocols bgp group group-name neighbor neighbor-address] hierarchy level.
NEW QUESTION # 26
You are asked to protect your company's customers from amplification attacks. In this scenario, what is Juniper's recommended protection method?
- A. ASN prepending
- B. destination-based Remote Triggered Black Hole
- C. BGP FlowSpec
- D. unicast Reverse Path Forwarding
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
amplification attacks are a type of distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attack that exploit the characteristics of certain protocols to amplify the traffic sent to a victim. For example, an attacker can send a small DNS query with a spoofed source IP address to a DNS server, which will reply with a much larger response to the victim. This way, the attacker can generate a large amount of traffic with minimal resources.
One of the methods to protect against amplification attacks is destination-based Remote Triggered Black Hole (RTBH) filtering. This technique allows a network operator to drop traffic destined to a specific IP address or prefix at the edge of the network, thus preventing it from reaching the victim and consuming bandwidth and resources. RTBH filtering can be implemented using BGP to propagate a special route with a next hop of
192.0.2.1 (a reserved address) to the edge routers. Any traffic matching this route will be discarded by the edge routers.
NEW QUESTION # 27
When building an interprovider VPN, you notice on the PE router that you have hidden routes which are received from your BGP peer with family inet labeled-unica3t configured.
Which parameter must you configure to solve this problem?
- A. Under the protocols mpls hierarchy, add the traffic-engineering parameter
- B. Under the family inet labeled-unicast hierarchy, add the explicit null parameter.
- C. Under the protocols ospf hierarchy, add the traffic-engineering parameter.
- D. Under the family inet labeled-unicast hierarchy, add the resolve-vpn parameter.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The resolve-vpn parameter is a BGP option that allows a router to resolve labeled VPN-IPv4 routes using unlabeled IPv4 routes received from another BGP peer with family inet labeled-unicast configured. This option enables interprovider VPNs without requiring MPLS labels between ASBRs or using VRF tables on ASBRs. In this scenario, you need to configure the resolve-vpn parameter under [edit protocols bgp group external family inet labeled-unicast] hierarchy level on both ASBRs.
NEW QUESTION # 28
A packet is received on an interface configured with transmission scheduling. One of the configured queues In this scenario, which two actions will be taken by default on a Junos device? (Choose two.)
- A. The exceeding queue will be considered to have negative bandwidth credit.
- B. The exceeding queue will be considered to have positive bandwidth credit
- C. The excess traffic will be discarded
- D. The excess traffic will use bandwidth available from other queueses
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
Explanation
Transmission scheduling is a CoS feature that allows you to allocate bandwidth among different queues on an interface. Each queue has a configured bandwidth percentage that determines how much of the available bandwidth it can use. If a queue exceeds its allocated bandwidth, it is considered to have negative bandwidth credit and its excess traffic will be discarded by default. If a queue does not use all of its allocated bandwidth, it is considered to have positive bandwidth credit and its unused bandwidth can be shared by other queues.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which statement is true regarding BGP FlowSpec?
- A. It is used to protect a network from denial-of-service attacks dynamically
- B. It verifies that the source IP of the incoming packet has a resolvable route in the routing table
- C. It uses a remote triggered black hole to protect a network from a denial-of-service attack.
- D. It uses dynamically created routing policies to protect a network from denial-of-service attacks
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP FlowSpec is a feature that extends the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to enable routers to exchange traffic flow specifications, allowing for more precise control of network traffic. The BGP FlowSpec feature enables routers to advertise and receive information about specific flows in the network, such as those originating from a particular source or destined for a particular destination. Routers can then use this information to construct traffic filters that allow or deny packets of a certain type, rate limit flows, or perform other actions1. BGP FlowSpec can also help in filtering traffic and taking action against distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks by dropping the DDoS traffic or diverting it to an analyzer2. BGP FlowSpec rules are internally converted to equivalent Cisco Common Classification Policy Language (C3PL) representing corresponding match and action parameters2. Therefore, BGP FlowSpec uses dynamically created routing policies to protect a network from denial-of-service attacks.
References: 1: https://www.networkingsignal.com/what-is-bgp-flowspec/ 2:
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/iproute_bgp/configuration/xe-16/irg-xe-16-book/bgp-flowspe
NEW QUESTION # 30
Exhibit
Referring to the exhibit, PE-1 and PE-2 are getting route updates for VPN-B when neither of them service that VPN Which two actions would optimize this process? (Choose two.)
- A. Configure the family route-target statement on the RR
- B. Configure the resolution rib bgp.l3vpn.O resolution-ribs inet. 0 Statement on the RR
- C. Configure the family route-target statement on the PEs.
- D. Configure the resolution rib bgp . 13vpn . 0 resolution-ribs inet. 0 Statement on the PEs.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP route target filtering is a technique that reduces the number of routers that receive VPN routes and route updates, helping to limit the amount of overhead associated with running a VPN. BGP route target filtering is based on the exchange of the route-target address family, which contains information about the VPN membership of each PE device. Based on this information, a PE device can decide whether to accept or reject VPN routes from another PE device.
BGP route target filtering can be configured on PE devices or on route reflectors (RRs). Configuring BGP route target filtering on RRs is more efficient and scalable, as it reduces the number of BGP sessions and updates between PE devices. To configure BGP route target filtering on RRs, the following steps are required:
* Configure the family route-target statement under the BGP group or neighbor configuration on the RRs.
This enables the exchange of the route-target address family between the RRs and their clients (PE devices).
* Configure the resolution rib bgp.l3vpn.0 resolution-ribs inet.0 statement under the routing-options configuration on the RRs. This enables the RRs to resolve next hops for VPN routes using the inet.0 routing table.
* Configure an export policy for BGP route target filtering under the routing-options configuration on the RRs. This policy controls which route targets are advertised to each PE device based on their VPN membership.
NEW QUESTION # 31
Exhibit
You are asked to exchange routes between R1 and R4 as shown in the exhibit. These two routers use the same AS number Which two steps will accomplish this task? (Choose two.)
- A. Configure the BGP group with the as-override parameter on R2 and R3
- B. Configure the BGP group with the as-override parameter on R1 and R4
- C. Configure the BGP group with the advertise-peer-as parameter on R2 and R3.
- D. Configure the BGP group with the advertise-peer-as parameter on R1 and R4.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
Explanation
The advertise-peer-as parameter allows a router to advertise its peer's AS number as part of the AS path attribute when sending BGP updates to other peers. This parameter is useful when two routers in the same AS need to exchange routes through another AS, such as in the case of R1 and R4. By configuring this parameter on R1 and R4, they can advertise each other's AS number to R2 and R3, respectively.
The as-override parameter allows a router to replace the AS number of its peer with its own AS number when receiving BGP updates from that peer. This parameter is useful when two routers in different ASes need to exchange routes through another AS that has the same AS number as one of them, such as in the case of R2 and R3. By configuring this parameter on R2 and R3, they can override the AS number of R1 and R4 with their own AS number when sending BGP updates to each other.
NEW QUESTION # 32
You are a network architect for a service provider and want to offer Layer 2 services to your customers You want to use EVPN for Layer 2 services in your existing MPLS network.
Which two statements are correct in this scenario? (Choose two.)
- A. EVPN uses Type 3 routes to join a multicast tree to flood traffic.
- B. EVPN uses Type 2 routes to advertise MAC address and IP address pairs learned using ARP snooping
- C. Segment routing must be configured on all PE routers.
- D. VXLAN must be configured on all PE routers.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
EVPN is a technology that connects L2 network segments separated by an L3 network using a virtual Layer 2 network overlay over the Layer 3 network. EVPN uses BGP as its control protocol to exchange different types of routes for different purposes. Type 2 routes are used to advertise MAC address and IP address pairs learned using ARP snooping from the local CE devices. Type 3 routes are used to join a multicast tree to flood traffic such as broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast (BUM) traffic.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Exhibit
Click the Exhibit button-Referring to the exhibit, which two statements are correct about BGP routes on R3 that are learned from the ISP-A neighbor? (Choose two.)
- A. All BGP attribute values must be removed before receiving the routes.
- B. The next-hop value for these routes is changed by ISP-A before being sent to R3.
- C. The BGP local-preference value that is used by ISP-A is not advertised to R3.
- D. By default, the next-hop value for these routes is not changed by ISP-A before being sent to R3.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
BGP is an exterior gateway protocol that uses path vector routing to exchange routing information among autonomous systems. BGP uses various attributes to select the best path to each destination and to propagate routing policies. Some of the common BGP attributes are AS path, next hop, local preference, MED, origin, weight, and community. BGP attributes can be classified into four categories: well-known mandatory, well-known discretionary, optional transitive, and optional nontransitive. Well-known mandatory attributes are attributes that must be present in every BGP update message and must be recognized by every BGP speaker.
Well-known discretionary attributes are attributes that may or may not be present in a BGP update message but must be recognized by every BGP speaker. Optional transitive attributes are attributes that may or may not be present in a BGP update message and may or may not be recognized by a BGP speaker. If an optional transitive attribute is not recognized by a BGP speaker, it is passed along to the next BGP speaker. Optional nontransitive attributes are attributes that may or may not be present in a BGP update message and may or may not be recognized by a BGP speaker. If an optional nontransitive attribute is not recognized by a BGP speaker, it is not passed along to the next BGP speaker. In this question, we have four routers (R1, R2, R3, and R4) that are connected in a full mesh topology and running IBGP. R3 receives the 192.168.0.0/16 route from its EBGP neighbor and advertises it to R1 and R4 with different BGP attribute values. We are asked which statements are correct about the BGP routes on R3 that are learned from the ISP-A neighbor. Based on the information given, we can infer that the correct statements are:
* By default, the next-hop value for these routes is not changed by ISP-A before being sent to R3. This is because the default behavior of EBGP is to preserve the next-hop attribute of the routes received from another EBGP neighbor. The next-hop attribute indicates the IP address of the router that should be used as the next hop to reach the destination network.
* The BGP local-preference value that is used by ISP-A is not advertised to R3. This is because the local-preference attribute is a well-known discretionary attribute that is used to influence the outbound traffic from an autonomous system. The local-preference attribute is only propagated within an autonomous system and is not advertised to external neighbors.
References: : https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/border-gateway-protocol-bgp/13753-25.html :
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/border-gateway-protocol-bgp/13762-40.html :
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/border-gateway-protocol-bgp/13759-37.html
NEW QUESTION # 34
Exhibit
R1 and R8 are not receiving each other's routes
Referring to the exhibit, what are three configuration commands that would solve this problem? (Choose three.)
- A. Configure loops and advertise-peer-as on routers in AS 64497 and AS 64450.
- B. Configure as-override on advertisement from AS 64500 toward AS 64512.
- C. Configure loops on routers in AS 65412 and advertise-peer-as on routers in AS 64498.
- D. Configure remove-private on advertisements from AS 64500 toward AS 64499
- E. Configure remove-private on advertisements from AS 64497 toward AS 64498
Answer: C,D,E
Explanation:
Explanation
The problem in this scenario is that R1 and R8 are not receiving each other's routes because of private AS numbers in the AS path. Private AS numbers are not globally unique and are not advertised to external BGP peers. To solve this problem, you need to do the following:
* Configure loops on routers in AS 65412 and advertise-peer-as on routers in AS 64498. This allows R5 and R6 to advertise their own AS number (65412) instead of their peer's AS number (64498) when sending updates to R7 and R8. This prevents a loop detection issue that would cause R7 and R8 to reject the routes from R5 and R62.
* Configure remove-private on advertisements from AS 64497 toward AS 64498 and from AS 64500 toward AS 64499. This removes any private AS numbers from the AS path before sending updates to external BGP peers. This allows R2 and R3 to receive the routes from R1 and R4, respectively3.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which two statements about IS-IS are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. PSNPs are flooded periodically.
- B. CSNPs contain only descriptions of LSPs.
- C. PSNPs contain only descriptions of LSPs.
- D. CSNPs are flooded periodically
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
IS-IS is an interior gateway protocol that uses link-state routing to exchange routing information among routers within a single autonomous system. IS-IS uses two types of packets to synchronize link-state databases among routers: Link State Packets (LSPs) and Partial Sequence Number Packets (PSNPs). LSPs contain information about the state and cost of links in the network, and are flooded periodically throughout the network. PSNPs are used to acknowledge receipt of LSPs and request retransmission of missing or corrupted LSPs. PSNPs contain only descriptions of LSPs, such as their sequence numbers and checksums3. IS-IS also uses another type of packet called Complete Sequence Number Packets (CSNPs), which are used to summarize the entire link-state database at regular intervals or when a new adjacency is formed. CSNPs are flooded periodically throughout the network and contain only descriptions of LSPs4. Therefore, PSNPs contain only descriptions of LSPs and CSNPs are flooded periodically.
References: 3:
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/routing-policy/topics/concept/routing-policy-is-is-p
4:
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/routing-policy/topics/concept/routing-policy-is-is-c
NEW QUESTION # 36
In IS-IS, which two statements are correct about the designated intermediate system (DIS) on a multi-access network segment? (Choose two)
- A. A router with a priority of 10 wins the DIS election over a router with a priority of 1.
- B. On the multi-access network, each router only forms an adjacency to the DIS.
- C. On the multi-access network, each router forms an adjacency to every other router on the segment
- D. A router with a priority of 1 wins the DIS election over a router with a priority of 10.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Explanation
In IS-IS, a designated intermediate system (DIS) is a router that is elected on a multi-access network segment (such as Ethernet) to perform some functions on behalf of other routers on the same segment. A DIS is responsible for sending network link-state advertisements (LSPs), which describe all the routers attached to the network. These LSPs are flooded throughout a single area. A DIS also generates pseudonode LSPs, which represent the multi-access network as a single node in the link-state database. A DIS election is based on the priority value configured on each router's interface connected to the multi-access network. The priority value ranges from 0 to 127, with higher values indicating higher priority. The router with the highest priority becomes the DIS for the area (Level 1, Level 2, or both). If routers have the same priority, then the router with the highest MAC address is elected as the DIS. By default, routers have a priority value of 64. On a multi-access network, each router only forms an adjacency to the DIS, not to every other router on the segment. This reduces the amount of hello packets and LSP
NEW QUESTION # 37
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